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The
core technology behind XMPP was invented by Jeremie Miller in 1998, refined in
the Jabber open-source community in 1999 and 2000, and formalized by the IETF
in 2002 and 2003, resulting in publication of the XMPP RFCs in 2004.
The
first IM service based on XMPP was Jabber.org, which has operated continuously
since 1999 and has offered free accounts to users of XMPP. From 1999 until
February 2006 the service used jabberd as its server software, at which time it
migrated to ejabberd. In January 2010, the service plans to migrate to
proprietary M-Link software produced by Isode Ltd.
In
August 2005, Google introduced Google Talk, a combination VoIP and IM system
which uses XMPP for its instant messaging function and as a base for its voice
and file transfer signalling protocol.
The
social-networking giant Facebook opened up its chat feature to third-party
applications via XMPP. The Facebook developers' site notes that Facebook Chat
does not actually run an XMPP server internally, but merely presents an XMPP
interface to clients; consequently, some server-side features like roster
editing cannot be done via XMPP.
In
addition to Google Talk, many other public IM services use XMPP, including Live
Journal's "LJ Talk" and Nokia's Ovi. Furthermore, several enterprise
IM software products that do not natively use XMPP nevertheless include
gateways to XMPP, including IBM Lotus Sametime and Microsoft Office
Communications Server.
Although
the core technology is stable, the XMPP community continues to define various
XMPP extensions through an open standards process run by the XMPP Standards
Foundation. There is also an active community of open-source and commercial
developers, who produce a wide variety of XMPP-based software.